Resources
Introduction:
Overview:
- NHTSA Estimates First Half 2025 Fatalities, National Highway Safety Administration,
https://www.nhtsa.gov/press-releases/nhtsa-reports-sharp-drop-traffic-fatalities-first-half-2025 - NHTSA Estimates 2024 Fatalities, National Highway Safety Administration,
https://www.nhtsa.gov/press-releases/nhtsa-estimates-39345-traffic-fatalities-2024 - Miles Driven by Adults, Federal Highway Administration, https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/onh00/bar8.htm
- Crashes by Age Groups & Miles Driven, AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, 2017, https://aaafoundation.org/rates-motor-vehicle-crashes-injuries-deaths-relation-driver-age-united-states-2014-2015/
- Crash Statistics, SAFERAMERICA, 10/2019, https://safer-america.com/car-accident-statistics/
Module 1 Visual Awareness:
Your Vehicle
- Proper Mirror Adjustment, Car and Driver, January How To Adjust Your Mirrors to Avoid Blind Spots (caranddriver.com)
- Best And Worst Vehicles for Visibility, Consumer Reports, https://www.consumerreports.org/cars/car-safety/best-and-worst-cars-and-suvs-for-visibility-a5607147482/
- Seat Belt Use, National Highway Safety Transportation Administration,
https://www.nhtsa.gov/vehicle-safety/seat-belts - Tire Safety Ratings, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,
https://www.nhtsa.gov/vehicle-safety/tires
Your Mind
- Parts of the Brain Used While Driving, Livestrong, https://healthfully.com/parts-of-the-brain-used-while-driving-4113343.html
Active Visual Search
- Tunnel Vision & Cell Phone Use, Psychological Science. https://www.psychologicalscience.org/news/driving-your-phone-is-a-distraction-even-if-you-arent-looking-at-it.html
Module 2 Hazard Detection:
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- Citation for Crash Characteristics of Middle Age Drivers, Stutts and Martell, Table 5, "Avoidance maneuver" category, https://www.adeptdriver.com/wp-content/uploads/MAD_Report_1-7-16.pdfOverview
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Critical Reasons for Crashes, National Highway Safety Administration,
https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812506
Module 2 Hazard Detection:
Overview
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Citation for Crash Characteristics of Middle Age Drivers, Stutts and Martell, Table 5, "Avoidance maneuver" category, https://www.adeptdriver.com/wp-content/uploads/MAD_Report_1-7-16.pdf
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Critical Reasons for Crashes, National Highway Safety Administration, https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812506
Types of Hazards
Dealing With Hazards
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10 Common Hazards and How to React to them, Mental Floss, https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/563960/common-driving-hazards-and-how-to-react-according-to-expert
Module 3 Speed & Space:
Speed
- Traffic Fatalities in Relation to Speed, AAA Foundation, https://aaafoundation.org/traffic-fatalities-on-urban-roads-and-streets-in-relation-to-speed-limits-and-speeding-united-states-2010-2019/
- Speed Management, Federal Highway Administration,
https://highways.dot.gov/safety/speed-management?_gl=1%2Apf7dg0%2A_ga%2ANzgxNjcxNjMzLjE3NjMxNDE0ODg.%2A_ga_VW1SFWJKBB%2AczE3NjMzOTU4MTMkbzIkZzEkdDE3NjMzOTU5NzQkajU3JGwwJGgw -
Reducing Speeding Crashes, National Traffic Safety Board, https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/PR20170725.aspx
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Speeding, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, https://highways.dot.gov/safety/speed-management/speed-management-eprimer-rural-transition-zones-and-town-centers/3
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Quick Facts, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/Publication/812451
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Speed Management Safety, Federal Highway Administration, https://www.nhtsa.gov/risky-driving
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Factors Influences on Speed, National Institute of Health, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29630395/
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Speed, Governor's Traffic Safety Committee, https://trafficsafety.ny.gov/speeding
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Speed and Sight Distance, Washington State Department of Transportation, https://www.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/manuals/fulltext/M22-01/1260.pdf
Module 4 Gap Analysis:
Overview
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Unsignalized Intersection Theory, Federal Highway Administration, https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/operations/tft/chap8.pdf
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Gaps at Stop Controlled Intersections., Transportation Research Board, https://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1991/1303/1303-011.pdf
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Roundabouts, howstuffworks, https://science.howstuffworks.com/engineering/civil/roundabouts1.htm
Module 5 Risk Assesment:
Types of Risk
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Historical Fatality Trends, National Safety Council, https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/motor-vehicle/historical-fatality-trends/deaths-and-rates
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2017 Fatal Crashes Overview, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, https://www.adeptdriver.com/wp-content/uploads/2017_Fatal_Crashes_NHTSA.pdf
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2016 Fatal Crashes Overview, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, https://www.nhtsa.gov/press-releases/usdot-releases-2016-fatal-traffic-crash-data
Module 6 Distracted, Impaired and Aggressive Driving Distracted Driving:
Distracted Driving
- Distracted Driving Resources, U.S. Department of Transportation,
https://www.trafficsafetymarketing.gov/safety-topics/distracted-driving - Distracted Driving, National Highway Safety Traffic Safety Administration,
https://www.nhtsa.gov/risky-driving/distracted-driving - Traffic Safety Culture Index, AAA Foundation,
https://aaafoundation.org/2017-traffic-safety-culture-index/ -
Summary of Research Findings Indicate Significant Crash Risks Associated with Hands-Free Texting While Driving, ADEPT Driver, https://www.adeptdriver.com/wp-content/uploads/Hands_free_texting_while_driving_poses_great_crash_risk_4-25-13.pdf
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Cell Phone Distracted Driving, National Safety Council,https://www.nsc.org/road/safety-topics/distracted-driving/cell-phone-distracted-driving?
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Understanding the Distracted Brain, National Safety Council, https://www.albany.marines.mil/Portals/75/Docs/Dstrct_Drvng_White_Paper_Fnl.pdf
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Distracted Driving, Governors Highway Safety Association, https://www.ghsa.org/issues/distracted-driving
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Distracted Driving, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, https://www.nhtsa.gov/risky-driving/distracted-driving
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Investigation and Prosecution of Distracted Driving Cases, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/812407-distracteddrivingreport.pdf
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Risky Phone Use While Driving is Soaring, USA Today, https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/cars/2019/01/24/distracted-driving-iihs/2655556002/
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What Is Distracted Driving?, enddd, https://www.enddd.org/the-facts-about-distracted-driving/
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Distracted Driving 2015, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/812_381_distracteddriving2015.pdf
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Cell Phones Promote Serious Social, Psychological Issues, Washington Times, https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/dec/31/cell-phones-promote-serious-social-psychological-i/
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Distracted Driving 2016, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, https://www.nhtsa.gov/risky-driving/distracted-driving
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The Dangers of Texting While Driving, Behavioral Scientist, https://behavioralscientist.org/the-real-reason-you-shouldnt-text-while-driving/
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U.S. Smartphone Use in 2015, PEW Research Foundation, https://www.pewinternet.org/2015/04/01/us-smartphone-use-in-2015/
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The Great Multitasking Lie, National Safety Council, https://www.nsc.org/workplace/resources/infographics/the-great-multitasking-lie
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Visual and Cognitive Demands of Using In-Vehicle Information Systems, AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, https://exchange.aaa.com/safety/distracted-driving/#.YEEDm9ZFyHs
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The Myth of Multitasking And What It Means For Learning, Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/nickmorrison/2014/11/26/the-myth-of-multitasking-and-what-it-means-for-learning/?sh=27b53ca42169
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Distracted Driving, AAA Exchange, https://exchange.aaa.com/safety/distracted-driving
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New Cars Increasingly Crammed with Distracting Technology, CNBC, https://www.cnbc.com/2017/10/05/new-cars-increasingly-crammed-with-distracting-technology.html?&qsearchterm=distracted-technology
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Technology That Can Reduce Driving Distractions and Their Dangers, Consumer Reports, https://www.consumerreports.org/car-safety/technology-that-can-reduce-driving-distractions-dangers-car-safety-features/
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Autonomous Cars May be Entering the Most Dangerous Phase, The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jan/24/self-driving-cars-dangerous-period-false-security
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GPS, Smartphones and Speed Keep Road Deaths at 10-year High, MarketWatch, https://www.marketwatch.com/story/forget-texting-the-most-dangerous-distractions-for-drivers-come-with-the-car-2017-10-05
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Driver Assistance Technologies, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, https://www.nhtsa.gov/vehicle-safety/driver-assistance-technologies
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Autonomous Cars are Getting Into Accidents Because They Drive Too Well, The Drive, http://www.thedrive.com/sheetmetal/15023/autonomous-cars-are-getting-into-accidents-because-they-drive-too-well
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Mind Wandering is Common During Driving, frontiers Science News, https://www.frontiersin.org/news/2017/09/11/frontiers-in-human-neuroscience-driver-distraction-daydreaming-mind-wandering/
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Day Dreaming and Driving, Carrier Management, https://www.carriermanagement.com/news/2019/02/20/189958.htm
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How Dangerous Is Daydreaming, Popular Mechanics, https://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/how-to/a9378/just-how-dangerous-is-daydreaming-while-driving-15935216/
Impaired Driving
Drunk Driving
- Alcohol Impaired Driving, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,
https://www.nhtsa.gov/book/countermeasures-that-work/alcohol-impaired-driving -
Alcohol Impaired Driving, Governors Highway Safety Administration, https://www.ghsa.org/issues/alcohol-impaired-driving
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Drunk Driving, National Highway Safety Administration, https://www.nhtsa.gov/risky-driving/drunk-driving
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Accelerating Progress to Reduce Alcohol Impaired Driving, Science Daily, https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180117114944.htm
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Impaired Driving Statistics, Center for Disease Control, https://www.cdc.gov/impaired-driving/what-you-can-do/?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/transportationsafety/impaired_driving/impaired-drv_factsheet.html
Drugged Driving
- Impacts of Alcohol and Marijuana on Driving, AAA Foundation,
https://aaafoundation.org/overview-major-issues-regarding-impacts-alcohol-marijuana-driving/ -
Drugged Driving, More Deadly than Drunk Driving, Drugged Driving More Deadly than Drunk Driving? | Get Smart About Drugs
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Drug Impaired Driving, Governors Highway Safety Council, https://www.ghsa.org/issues/drug-impaired-driving
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Facts About Drugged Driving, Get Smart About Drugs, https://www.getsmartaboutdrugs.gov/news-statistics/2017/05/05/drugged-driving-more-deadly-drunk-driving
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Use of Marijuana Increases Risks, Get Smart About Drugs, https://www.getsmartaboutdrugs.gov/news-statistics/2017/07/14/marijuana-use-increases-risk-fatal-car-accidents
Drowsy Driving
- Prevalence of Drowsy Driving, AAA Foundation,https://aaafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/FINAL_AAAFTS-Drowsy-Driving-Research-Brief-1.pdf
- Acute Sleep Deprivation, AAA Foundation, https://aaafoundation.org/acute-sleep-deprivation-risk-motor-vehicle-crash-involvement/
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Drowsy Driving, National Sleep Foundation, https://www.thensf.org/drowsy-driving-prevention/
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Fatigued Driving, National Safety Council, https://www.nsc.org/road/safety-topics/fatigued-driver?
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Sleep Deprivation, Scientific Reports, c869d9b69cd3
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Drowsy Driving, NHTSA, Drowsy Driving: Avoid Falling Asleep Behind the Wheel | NHTSA
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Healthy Sleep Habits, Nature, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-20588-7?error=cookies_not_supported&code=ac448dac-f1af-433d-aea3-
Aggressive Driving
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Aggressive Driving, PEW Research,
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How to Stop Aggressive Driving, Arizona Capitol Times, https://azcapitoltimes.com/news/2014/05/19/how-to-stop-aggressive-driving-relax-and-ask-whether-its-worth-getting-killed/
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Speeding and Aggressive Driving, Governors Highway Safety Council, https://www.ghsa.org/issues/speeding-aggressive
Semi Autonomous:
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SAE Levels of Automation, SAE International, https://www.sae.org/news/2019/01/sae-updates-j3016-automated-driving-graphic
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Cooperative Driving Automation, Purdue University Cooperative Driving Automation - Connected Automated and Resilient Transportation Lab - Purdue University
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Visual Requirements for Human Drivers and Autonomous Vehicles, Federal Highway Administration, https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/ear/16038/16038.pdf
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New Cars Crammed with Distracting Technology, CNBC, https://www.cnbc.com/2017/10/05/new-cars-increasingly-crammed-with-distracting-technology.html?&qsearchterm=distracted-technology
- GPS, Smartphones and Speed Keep Road Deaths at 10-Year High, Market Watch,
https://www.marketwatch.com/story/forget-texting-the-most-dangerous-distractions-for-drivers-come-with-the-car-2017-10-05
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Self-Driving Cars: Brookings,
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Driver Assistance Technology, National Highway Safety Administration, https://www.nhtsa.gov/equipment/safety-technologies
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Autonomous Cars Are Getting Into Accidents Because They Drive Too Well, The Drive, https://www.thedrive.com/article/15023/autonomous-cars-are-getting-into-accidents-because-they-drive-too-well
- Ford Shares Proposed Standards, CNET,
https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/ford-self-driving-cars-signal-standard/
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Using Game Theory to Determine Who’s Liable: Autonomous Vehicle or Human Driver?, Insurance Journal, https://www.insurancejournal.com/news/national/2020/01/15/554949.htm
New Tech:
- Key Technology Trends, Epic, https://www.epicflow.com/blog/5-latest-trends-in-the-automotive-industry/#:~:text=Vehicle%20connectivity%20has%20become%20a,producing%20larger%20high%2Dresolution%20displays.
- User Interactions with Vehicle Technologies, AAA Foundation,
https://aaafoundation.org/user-interactions-with-vehicle-automation-technologies-a-review-of-previous-research-and-a-proposed-framework/ - Top 11 Emerging Technologies, EDI, https://www.ediweekly.com/top-11-emerging-technologies-in-automotive-engineering-design-that-could-be-mainstream-by-2031/
- New Cars Increasingly Crammed with Distracting Technology, CNBC, https://www.cnbc.com/2017/10/05/new-cars-increasingly-crammed-with-distracting-technology.html?&qsearchterm=distracted-technology
- GPS, Smartphones and Speed Keep Road Deaths at 10-year High, MarketWatch, https://www.marketwatch.com/story/forget-texting-the-most-dangerous-distractions-for-drivers-come-with-the-car-2017-10-05
- Self-Driving Cars: The Technology, Risks and Possibilities, Harvard University, https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2017/self-driving-cars-technology-risks-possibilities/
- Driver Assistance Technologies, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, https://www.nhtsa.gov/vehicle-safety/driver-assistance-technologies
- Autonomous Cars are Getting Into Accidents Because They Drive Too Well, https://www.thedrive.com/article/15023/autonomous-cars-are-getting-into-accidents-because-they-drive-too-well